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BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
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Dec. 31, 2011
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| BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS |
NOTE 3-ACQUISITIONS
During 2011, the Company completed its acquisitions of TGLP, LN Ontario Concerts, Serviticket, Jeff Battaglia Management, LLC, Full Circle, LN-HS Concerts, T-Shirt Printers and BigChampagne. These acquisitions were accounted for as business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting and were not considered significant on an individual basis or in the aggregate.
Front Line
In the first quarter of 2011, the Company acquired all of the remaining equity interests of Front Line that it did not previously own in a series of transactions. As a result of these transactions, the Company is able to further simplify its operating structure and it expects to achieve future savings through reduced cash taxes, noncontrolling interest distributions and other synergies.
Under the terms of the stock purchase agreement, the Company purchased all restricted and unrestricted shares of common stock of Front Line held by Irving Azoff, the Company's Executive Chairman and Chairman of the board of directors, and the Azoff Trust (collectively the “Azoff Sellers”), purchased all in-the-money options for common stock of Front Line held by the Azoff Sellers and purchased all shares of common stock of Front Line held by MSG. The Company also paid an amount equal to the 2010 dividend paid by Front Line to the Azoff Sellers and MSG, pro-rated for the period from January 1, 2011 through the closing date, and paid Mr. Azoff a contractually-owed tax gross-up associated with his restricted Front Line common stock and dividend. In total, under the stock purchase agreement, the Company paid $56.3 million in cash and $18.6 million in newly-issued shares of Live Nation common stock to the Azoff Sellers and $0.2 million in cash and $41.0 million in newly issued shares of Live Nation common stock to MSG. These shares were valued using the closing price of the Company's stock on the date of the transaction. Of the total shares of Live Nation stock issued, the Azoff Sellers received 1.8 million shares of common stock and MSG received 3.9 million shares of common stock.
As part of individual redemption agreements, the Company also purchased the remaining smaller holdings of outstanding Front Line restricted shares of common stock from other individuals for a total of $12.8 million in cash.
The shares purchased under all of these agreements had redemption features and, previous to these repurchases, the Azoff Sellers' and MSG's common shares and the Azoff Sellers' options were classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests and all of the remaining shares were classified as liabilities. All of these instruments were carried at their fair values and amounts paid as part of these agreements were recorded in the income statement to the extent they were in excess of the amount recorded on the balance sheet, with the exception of the unrestricted shares of common stock held by the Azoff Sellers and MSG which were accounted for as the acquisition of noncontrolling interests and the difference between the carrying value and settlement value was recorded in additional paid-in capital. Tax gross-up amounts paid were recorded in the income statement to the extent the amount paid exceeded the amount already accrued. As a result of the repurchases, the Company recorded $24.4 million in selling, general and administrative expenses in the first quarter of 2011, which is classified as stock-based compensation. Further, cash flows from financing activities reflects a $47.9 million use of cash as a result of these transactions and cash flows from operating activities reflects a $21.4 million use of cash. Total non-cash consideration was $59.6 million and is not included in the statement of cash flows.
Merger with Ticketmaster
Description of Transaction
In January 2010, Live Nation completed the merger of Ticketmaster with and into a wholly-owned subsidiary of Live Nation pursuant to the Merger Agreement. In connection with the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of Ticketmaster common stock was cancelled and converted into the right to receive 1.4743728 shares of Live Nation common stock plus cash in lieu of any fractional shares such that Ticketmaster stockholders received approximately 50.01% of the voting power of the combined company.
At the Merger date, Ticketmaster operated in 19 global markets, providing ticketing software and services, ticket resale services, marketing and distribution through www.ticketmaster.com, numerous retail outlets and worldwide call centers. Established in 1976, Ticketmaster serves clients worldwide across multiple event categories, providing ticketing services for leading arenas, stadiums, professional sports franchises and leagues, college sports teams, performing arts venues, museums and theaters. Ticketmaster's business also includes the operations of Front Line, one of the world's leading artist management companies. Through Live Nation's merger with Ticketmaster, it is expected the combined company will have the tools to develop new products, expand access and deliver a better service to artists and fans.
The combination of Live Nation and Ticketmaster was structured as a merger of equals. The Merger was accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with GAAP. Live Nation was the deemed “accounting acquirer” of Ticketmaster for accounting purposes.
Recording of Assets Acquired, Liabilities Assumed and Noncontrolling Interests in Ticketmaster
The following table summarizes the acquisition-date fair value of the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests including an amount for goodwill:
Goodwill represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill arising from the Merger consists largely of the synergies expected from combining the operations of Live Nation and Ticketmaster. The anticipated synergies primarily relate to redundant staffing and related internal support costs, redundant locations, redundant systems and IT costs, purchasing economies of scale and expanded sponsorship revenue opportunities as well as an assembled workforce and reduced public company costs. Of the total amount of goodwill recognized in connection with the Merger, approximately $41.4 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill of $506.5 million, $263.1 million and $214.9 million has been allocated to the Ticketing, Artist Nation and eCommerce segments, respectively, as a result of the Merger.
Actual and Pro Forma Impact of Acquisition
The revenue, income from continuing operations and net income of Ticketmaster that are included in the Company's 2010 statement of operations since the Merger are detailed below. These amounts are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that Ticketmaster would have realized if it had continued to operate as a stand-alone company during the period presented primarily due to the elimination of certain headcount and administrative costs since the Merger that are the result of synergy impacts or due to costs that are now reflected by the Company in its results of operations and not allocated to Ticketmaster.
The following unaudited pro forma information presents the consolidated results of Live Nation and Ticketmaster for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, with adjustments to give effect to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the Merger and have a continuing impact, as well as to exclude the impact of pro forma events that are directly attributable to the Merger and are one-time in nature. The unaudited pro forma information is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations of future periods or the results of operations that actually would have been realized had the entities been a single company during the periods presented or the results that the combined company will experience after the Merger. The unaudited pro forma information does not give effect to the potential impact of current financial conditions, regulatory matters or any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies or cost savings that may be associated with the Merger. The unaudited pro forma information also does not include any integration costs, dis-synergies or remaining future transaction costs that the companies may incur related to the Merger as part of combining the operations of the companies.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations, assuming the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2009 are as follows:
The Company has incurred a total of $68.8 million of acquisition transaction expenses to date relating to the Merger, of which $16.9 million, $17.0 million and $34.9 million are included in the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2011, these expenses were primarily the result of litigation costs relating to the Merger. The Company has incurred a total of $3.0 million of equity issuance costs to date related to the Merger which have been recorded as a charge to additional paid-in capital, as a reduction of the otherwise determined fair value of the equity issued.
In connection with the Merger, the Company incurred severance costs of $7.5 million, $1.2 million, $0.6 million and $0.1 million as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in its Ticketing, Artist Nation, eCommerce and Sponsorship segments, respectively, and $4.7 million as a component of corporate expenses for the year ended December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the accrual balance for the Merger restructuring was $0.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively. The Company did not incur additional severance costs in 2011.
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